Journal 2 - 2026

    Journal 2 - 2026

    COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF HYDROKINESIOTHERAPY AND CONVENTIONAL THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE IN HEMIPARESIS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

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    About the Authors

    Timur Khodjaev – Rehabilitation Physician, Alfraganus University Hospital, Alfraganus University (Non-Governmental Higher Educational Organization), Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3821-0929

    Dilshod Olimjonov – Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Alfraganus University (Non-Governmental Higher Educational Organization), Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4544-7377

    Аbstract

    Purpose: to compare the clinical effectiveness of hydrokinesiotherapy (HKT) and standard therapeutic exercise (TE) in patients with hemiparesis.

    Methods: a prospective parallel-group randomized controlled trial enrolling 70 patients (35 per arm) over an 8-week intervention period. Outcome measures included muscle strength (MRC scale), spasticity (modified Ashworth scale), gait speed (10-meter walk test), functional independence (Barthel Index, FIM) and pain intensity (VAS). 

    Results: both interventions produced statistically significant within-group improvements (p<0.05), yet HKT was significantly superior to TE across all outcomes. MRC gain was +1.3 vs +0.6 points (p<0.001); Ashworth reduction −0.9 vs −0.4 (p=0.003); gait-speed improvement 34.1% vs 20.1% (p=0.002); Barthel gain +22.3 vs +13.4 (p=0.001); FIM gain +24.4 vs +12.8 (p<0.001); VAS reduction −2.7 vs −1.4 cm (p=0.012). No adverse events required discontinuation. 

    Conclusion: hydrokinesiotherapy is a highly effective and safe modality that outperforms conventional therapeutic exercise in hemiparesis rehabilitation and should be considered a priority intervention where appropriate aquatic facilities are available.

    Keywords

    Hydrotherapy, exercise therapy, paresis, stroke rehabilitation, muscle spasticity, recovery of function.

    References

    1. Рахимов, М. М., & Хасанов, Б. Д. (2023). Цереброваскулярные заболевания в Узбекистане: эпидемиология и современные тенденции. Неврология, 4(2), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.nevrologiya.19734

    Rakhimov, M. M., & Khasanov, B. D. (2023). Tserebrovaskulyarnye zabolevaniya v Uzbekistane: epidemiologiya i sovremennye tendentsii (Cerebrovascular diseases in Uzbekistan: epidemiology and current trends) [in Russian]. Nevrologiya, 4(2), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.nevrologiya.19734

    1. Becker, B. E. (2009). Aquatic therapy: Scientific foundations and clinical rehabilitation applications. PM&R, 1(9), 859–872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.05.017
    2. Kesiktas, N., Paker, N., Erdogan, N., Gülsen, G., Biçki, D., & Yilmaz, H. (2004). The use of hydrotherapy for the management of spasticity. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 18(4), 268–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968304270002
    3. Tripp, F., & Krakow, K. (2014). Effects of an aquatic therapy approach (Halliwick-Therapy) on functional mobility in subacute stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation, 28(5), 432–439. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215513504942
    4. Mehrholz, J., Pohl, M., Platz, T., Kugler, J., & Elsner, B. (2018). Electromechanical and robot-assisted arm training for improving activities of daily living, arm function, and arm muscle strength after stroke. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 9(9), CD006876. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006876.pub5
    5. Veerbeek, J. M., van Wegen, E., van Peppen, R., van der Wees, P. J., Hendriks, E., Rietberg, M., & Kwakkel, G. (2014). What is the evidence for physical therapy poststroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 9(2), e87987. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087987
    6. Cramer, S. C., Sur, M., Dobkin, B. H., O'Brien, C., Sanger, T. D., Trojanowski, J. Q., Rumsey, J. M., Hicks, R., Cameron, J., Chen, D., Chen, W. G., Cohen, L. G., deCharms, C., Duffy, C. J., Eden, G. F., Fetz, E. E., Filart, R., Freund, M., Grant, S. J., ... Vinogradov, S. (2011). Harnessing neuroplasticity for clinical applications. Brain, 134(6), 1591–1609. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awr039

     

    Journal 2 - 2026

    APPLICATION OF BOBATH THERAPY ELEMENTS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING CARE WITHIN REHABILITATION

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    About the Authors

    Aliya Utenova – Senior nurse of the department No. 5 "Balbulak", NJSC "National Center for Children's Rehabilitation", Astana, Kazakhstan, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0312-8950 

    Raikhan Tleulinova – Director of nursing, NJSC "National Center for Children's Rehabilitation", Astana, Kazakhstan, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1891-7955

    Saltanat Alpisova – Nurse of the department No. 5 "Balbulak", NJSC "National Center for Children's Rehabilitation", Astana, Kazakhstan, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4679-8324

    Aidana Tengelbay – Nurse of the department No. 5 "Balbulak", NJSC "National Center for Children's Rehabilitation", Astana, Kazakhstan, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0026-6724

    Аbstract

    This study substantiates the integration of Bobath’s conception as Neurodevelopmental Treatment elements into pediatric nursing care within a structured 24-hour neurorehabilitation framework as a model of continuous rehabilitation and care throughout the day. Initially, positioning strategies as the correct placement and support of the child’s body position are analyzed, followed by therapeutic manual guidance and facilitation of the child’s movements by a specialist and support of daily activities as continuous components of postural management. These interventions are not isolated techniques; rather, they represent cumulative micro-interventions shaping motor organization over time. Current evidence regarding the isolated effectiveness of the Bobath’s approach remains inconsistent, largely due to methodological heterogeneity and variability of protocols. This highlights the importance of structured clinical algorithms, safety monitoring, interdisciplinary collaboration, and systematic family education. Future research should focus on nursing-implemented 24-hour intervention models, evaluating functional outcomes and real-world clinical effectiveness.

    Keywords

    Pediatric neurorehabilitation, Bobath concept, neurodevelopmental treatment, nursing care, positioning, postural control, 24-hour management, aspiration prevention.

    References

    1. World Health Organization. International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF). – Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001. – 299 p. – URL: https://iris.who.int/items/ffa4b5b5-378c-46a1-acdc-7ef20506a3f8
    2. Oskoui, M., Coutinho, F., Dykeman, J., Jetté, N., & Pringsheim, T. (2013). An update on the prevalence of cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55(6), 509–519. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12080
    3. Novak, I., McIntyre, S., Morgan, C., Campbell, L., Dark, L., Morton, N., Stumbles, E., Wilson, S.-A., & Goldsmith, S. (2013). A systematic review of interventions for children with cerebral palsy: state of the evidence. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55(10), 885–910. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12246
    4. van den Engel-Hoek, L., de Groot, I. J. M., de Swart, B. J. M., & Erasmus, C. E. (2017). Pediatric feeding and swallowing rehabilitation: An overview. Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, 10(2), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.3233/PRM-170435
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    6. Keenan, H. T., Bratton, S. L., & Martin, L. D. (2004). Pediatric traumatic brain injury: A review of epidemiology, management, and outcomes. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 51(2), 387–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(03)00187-6
    7. Wang, C. H., Bonnemann, C. G., Rutkowski, A., Sejersen, T., Bellini, J., & Battista, V. (2010). Consensus statement on standard of care for congenital muscular dystrophies. Journal of Child Neurology, 25(12), 1559–1581. https://doi.org/10.1177/0883073810381924
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    9. Sanger, T. D., Delgado, M. R., Gaebler-Spira, D., Hallett, M., & Mink, J. W. (2003). Classification and definition of disorders causing hypertonia in childhood. Pediatrics, 111(1), e89–e97. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.111.1.e89
    10. Zanon, M. A., Pacheco, R. L., Latorraca, C. O. C., Martimbianco, A. L. C., Pachito, D. V., & Riera, R. (2019). Neurodevelopmental Treatment (Бобат) for Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review. Journal of Child Neurology, 34(11), 679–686. https://doi.org/10.1177/0883073819852237
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    15. Zanon, M. A., Pacheco, R. L., Latorraca, C. O. C., Martimbianco, A. L. C., Pachito, D. V., & Riera, R. (2019). Neurodevelopmental Treatment (Bobath) for Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review. Journal of Child Neurology, 34(11), 679–686. https://doi.org/10.1177/0883073819852237
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    21. Novak, I., McIntyre, S., Morgan, C., Campbell, L., Dark, L., Morton, N., Stumbles, E., Wilson, S.-A., & Goldsmith, S. (2013). A systematic review of interventions for children with cerebral palsy: state of the evidence. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55(10), 885–910. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12246
    22. Zanon, M. A., Pacheco, R. L., Latorraca, C. O. C., Martimbianco, A. L. C., Pachito, D. V., & Riera, R. (2019). Neurodevelopmental Treatment (Бобат) for Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review. Journal of Child Neurology, 34(11), 679–686. https://doi.org/10.1177/0883073819852237
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    Journal 2 - 2026

    INTEGRATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING INTO THE NURSING PROCESS OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION IN KAZAKHSTAN

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    About the Authors

    Raikhan Tleulinova – Director of Nursing, NJSC "National Center for Children's Rehabilitation", Astana, Kazakhstan, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1891-7955

    Aizhan Altynbekova – Senior nurse of the Psychoneurological Department No. 1 "Bobek", NJSC "National Center for Children's Rehabilitation", Astana, Kazakhstan, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1821-8891

    Abstract

    The article examines the integration of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health into the nursing process of medical rehabilitation in Kazakhstan. It emphasizes that rehabilitation is a strategic direction of the modern healthcare system, and that the implementation of a multidisciplinary team ensures the unification of terminology, the objectification of data, and the formalization of the assessment of activity limitations. The study clarifies the key roles of the nurse within the multidisciplinary team and proposes a conceptual model that includes a mapping between the domains of the multidisciplinary team, nursing diagnoses, and interventions. Particular attention is given to international outcome assessment instruments, which make it possible to measure the effectiveness of care and track recovery dynamics. The results obtained demonstrate that the integration of a multidisciplinary team into nursing practice not only improves the quality and evidence base of rehabilitation care in Kazakhstan, but also contributes to the development of a common language for professional interaction among specialists.

    Keywords

    International Classification of Functioning, nursing process, medical rehabilitation, multidisciplinary team, North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, Nursing Interventions Classification, Nursing Outcomes Classification, International Classification for Nursing Practice, Kazakhstan.

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    Vdovina, I. A., Stepanova, I. N., & Sivokhina, T. A. (2023). Opyt raboty mul'tidistsiplinarnoy reabilitatsionnoy komandy Samarskogo oblastnogo klinicheskogo onkologicheskogo dispansera na primere lecheniya bol'nykh rakom molochnoy zhelezy na I i II etapakh meditsinskoy reabilitatsii (Experience of the multidisciplinary rehabilitation team of the Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary based on the treatment of breast cancer patients at stages I and II of medical rehabilitation) [in Russian]. Voprosy onkologii, 69(3S), 370–371. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/opyt-raboty-multidistsiplinarnoy-reabilitatsionnoy-komandy-samarskogo-oblastnogo-klinicheskogo-onkologicheskogo-dispansera-na

    1. Борзунова, Ю. М. (2023). Комплексная медицинская реабилитация детей первого года жизни после коррекции врожденных пороков сердца. Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата медицинских наук. «Уральский Государственный Медицинский Университет». https://skfmba.ru/files/docs/nauka/dissovet/Pndzoyan_diss.pdf

    Borzunova, Yu. M. (2023). Kompleksnaya meditsinskaya reabilitatsiya detey pervogo goda zhizni posle korrektsii vrozhdennykh porokov serdtsa (Comprehensive medical rehabilitation of children in the first year of life after correction of congenital heart defects) [in Russian]. Dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni kandidata meditsinskikh nauk. “Ural'skiy gosudarstvennyy meditsinskiy universitet”. https://skfmba.ru/files/docs/nauka/dissovet/Pndzoyan_diss.pdf

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    Journal 2 - 2026

    THE BENEFITS OF PSYCHOMOTRIC THERAPY IN THE REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

    Article PDF

    About the Authors

    Mathilde Fradet – Psychomotor Therapist, French Red Cross Centre Les Massues, Lyon, France, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5425-430X  

    Abstract

    Cerebral palsy is a complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that affects not only motor function but also children's sensory, perceptual, cognitive, and psychosocial abilities. Limitations in sensorimotor experiences resulting from motor impairments, pain, and surgical interventions may compromise the development of body representation. In this context, psychomotor therapy is part of a biopsychosocial approach to rehabilitation and provides support centered on the young patient's bodily experience. This article presents several therapeutic dimensions of psychomotor intervention for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Particular attention is given to supporting body representation and body awareness, addressing the subjective bodily and emotional experience associated with pain and surgery, preventing kinesiophobia, and working on body image and self-esteem during adolescence. Through sensorimotor and creative therapeutic mediations, psychomotor therapists promote the integration of bodily changes, facilitate the reinvestment of movement, and encourage the active involvement of young patients in their rehabilitation process. In collaboration with other rehabilitation professionals, psychomotor therapy contributes to the development of autonomy, social participation, and quality of life in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.

    Keywords

    Cerebral palsy, psychomotor therapy, body representation, body awareness, rehabilitation, kinesiophobia, body image.

    References

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    Journal 2 - 2026

    1. Mathilde Fradet

    The benefits of psychomotric therapy in the rehabilitation of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy

    https://doi.org/10.66684/3008-0606-2026-8-2-6-13

    2. Raikhan Tleulinova, Aizhan Altynbekova

    Integration of the International Classification of Functioning into the nursing process of medical rehabilitation in Kazakhstan

    https://doi.org/10.66684/3008-0606-2026-8-2-13-21

    3. Aliya Utenova, Raikhan Tleulinova, Saltanat Alpisova, Aidana Tengelbay

    Application of Bobath therapy elements in pediatric nursing care within rehabilitation

    https://doi.org/10.66684/3008-0606-2026-8-2-22-31

    4. Timur Khodjaev, Dilshod Olimjonov

    Comparative effectiveness of hydrokinesiotherapy and conventional therapeutic exercise in hemiparesis: a randomized controlled trial

    https://doi.org/10.66684/3008-0606-2026-8-2-31-36

    5. Letter from the Editor-in-Chief

    New clinical protocols for medical rehabilitation

    APPENDIX to the International scientific and practical conference "Interdisciplinary Dialogue in Children’s Rehabilitation" (2026, May 28-29th)

    6. Azhar Giniyat, Aigul Altynbekova, Larisa Pavlovets, Saltanat Mukasheva

    Children’s rehabilitation services in the Republic of Kazakhstan: responding to challenges and shaping the future (thesis)

    7. Rayana Guluzade, Sadagat Huseynova

    Modern rehabilitation modalities and a multidisciplinary approach in the management of children with cerebral palsy (thesis)

    8. Ainur Maksutova

    Development of the early intervention system in Kazakhstan: from the medical model to a family-centered approach (thesis)

    9. Aliya Alimbayeva, Ernar Dairbekov

    Effectiveness of early habilitation in motor development formation among children under one year of age at risk of movement disorders (thesis)

    10. Bekzat Khalimgaziyeva, Raikhan Tleulinova, Manzura Kankina

    The nurse in rehabilitation: empowerment, technologies, and early intervention (thesis)

    11. Raikhan Tleulinova, Bibigul Meldebekova, Symbat Asanova

    Postural management: assessment, planning, and implementation of positioning (thesis)

     

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